Unlike questionnaires and interviews that relies on other people (respondent) to give the researcher the information s/he requires, observation requires the researcher to collect data himself through recording. S/he does not require another person to give him/her the information but s/he collects it through the use of his/her eyes.

Observation is a qualitative method of data collection. It uses an observation guide as an instrument for data collection. However, this guide should be structured so that all researchers can observe and record the phenomena in the same manner.